Located in Viana do Alentejo, this Baroque-style sanctuary was built between 1743 and 1804, according to the plans of Father João Baptista, on the site of a former 16th-century chapel. On the doorway, an inscrip-tion in Latin relates that, after the expulsion of the Moors from these lands, a farmer was ploughing the field when he found inside a clay pot the image that can be seen on the altar. The church has a Latin cross plan, consisting of a single nave, with a barrel vaulted roof. It is considered one of the regional baroque refer-ences, due to the erudition of its decorative programme, strongly influenced by the works of Frederico Lu-dovice and by the Mafra-style Baroque. And also by the spatial organisation where clear influences can be seen of the work of Gian Lorenzo Bernini in St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome, in elements such as the altar, the baldachin and the lantern tower. It is a place of faith and Catholic pilgrimages from all over Alentejo, includ-ing, besides the sanctuary and annexed dependencies, the Fountain of Our Lady of Aires located in the Ter-reiro dos Peregrinos and also the houses for pilgrims. The Sanctuary of Our Lady of Aires is classified as a National Monument since 2012.